两种铁基和镍基高温合金在复杂应力条件下的蠕变及断裂
CREEP AND STRESS REPTURE STUDY AT COMPLEX STRESS IN TWO IRON-BASE AND NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS
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摘要: 本文研究了一种铁基合金GH132在650℃和一种镍基GH33A合金在750℃的纯蠕变及复杂应力条件下的蠕变及断裂。提出无论是低强度高塑性的GH132合金还是高强度低塑性的GH33A合金在蠕变——疲劳交互作用的复杂应力条件下都将会不同程度地导致材料的弱化而引起过早的断裂。而且这种弱化随应力的升高而加剧。在固定平均应力条件下叠加一个交变应力的动态蠕变与恒定应力的静态蠕变相比较将促使断裂寿命降低。此乃是叠加疲劳促进蠕变断裂的结果。交变应力振幅较小时,对稳态蠕变速率影响不大,控制蠕变第Ⅱ阶段的主要因素是平均应力,但交变应力的振幅较大时将使稳态蠕变速率大大增加。复合交变应力能促进蠕变第Ⅲ阶段的过早来临和试样的过早断裂。Abstract: Iron-base GH132 and nickel-base GH33A were selected as two typical superalloys to study creep and stress rupture under complex stress condition at 650℃ and 750℃ respectively. Cyclic stress rupture tests indicate weakening of two superalloys. Cyclic stresses superimposed at creep tests decrease creep fracture lives of both superalloys, but secondary creep rates are generally still controlled by means of stresses at dynamic creep tests, when the amplitudes of superimposed cyclic stresses are not very high.