Abstract: The problem about running mode optimization ofa steelmaking workshop system, which is the most complicated subsystem in a steel manufacturing process system was discussed by applying the theory of metallurgical engineering. The level and logical relation of the running mode of a steelmaking workshop in the productive process were described and studied in combination with its applications in Chinese four BOF workshops with the technology of high efficiency continuous casting. Three effects of production mode optimization were summarized and illustrated in detail:(1) the layout of a workshop tending to rationality and briefness, (2) the buffer of working procedures tending to rationality and efficiency, and (3) the operation of working procedures tending to high efficiency and optimization. These conclusions are applied to the research of optimization and control in special steelmaking process operation, and valuable results are acquired.