煤矸石和用后耐火材料合成多孔堇青石
Preparation of porous cordierite from coal gangue and abandoned refractory materials
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摘要: 以煤矸石、用后滑板砖和用后镁碳砖为原料,采用石墨、淀粉和复合添加剂为造孔剂,制备出多孔堇青石材料,并研究造孔剂种类、造孔剂加入量和合成温度对材料合成和材料性能的影响.实验结果表明:采用煤矸石和用后耐火材料为原料,在1350~1400℃高温下可以合成高纯度的堇青石材料;复合添加剂为最佳造孔剂,其合适加入量为15%~25%;当复合添加剂加入量为20%,在1350℃保温3h条件下,合成材料的气孔分布均匀贯通,其显气孔率为44.9%,热膨胀系数为2.14×10-6 K-1,荷重软化点为1290℃,综合性能良好,具有优良的高温使用性能.Abstract: Porous cordierite ceramics were synthesized from coal gangue,wasted slide gates and wasted magnesia carbon bricks with graphite,starch and compound additives as pore-forming materials.The relationships between properties and synthesis conditions,such as the type and addition of pore-forming materials and heating temperature,were investigated.The result showed that high-purity porous cordierite was synthesized from coal gangue and used refractories at 1 350 to 1 400 ℃ while the compound additives was used as pore-forming materials and their addition is 15% to 25%.At the addition of the compound additives of 20%,1 350 ℃ and sintering for 3 h,porous cordierite ceramics with homogeneous pores distribution were obtained,their apparent porosity is 44.9%,thermal expansion coefficient is 2.14×10-6 K-1,and softening point load is 1 290 ℃.Because of these good comprehensive performances,all bricks can meet the demands of service at high temperature.