染料敏化太阳能电池中多孔电极制备及性能

Preparation and performance of porous electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

  • 摘要: 将喷涂法应用于制备染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极,具有浆料制备简单、易操作、成本低廉等优势.本文以钛酸丁酯和P25为原料配制浆料,采用喷涂法制备二氧化钛薄膜,选择乙二醇作为造孔剂,探索了乙二醇的最佳加入量.通过对电池I-V曲线,二氧化钛薄膜表面粗糙度、染料吸附量和漫反射谱,以及光阳极的扫描电镜照片和交流阻抗图谱的分析,得到如下结果:当乙二醇与钛酸丁酯的体积比为1:1时,二氧化钛薄膜的粗糙度最大,即孔隙率和比表面积最大,因此染料吸附量达到1.47×10-7mol·cm-2,电池性能最好,其中开路电压为0.69 V,短路电流为13.0 mA·cm-2,光电转化效率达到5.38%,比不加造孔剂时增加了将近1倍,此时电子的扩散转移电阻也最小.

     

    Abstract: The spraying method, by which slurry preparation is simple, easy to operate and low cost, was applied to prepare photo-anodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano-TiO2 thin films were prepared by a colloidal spray coating technique, and the spraying slurry mainly included tetra-n-butyl titanate (TBT) and P25. Ethylene glycol (EG) was selected as a pore-forming agent to investigate its optimum addition. Through analyzing the I-V curves of the cells, the roughness, dye adsorption amount and diffuse reflection spectra of the thin films, and the scanning electron microscopy images and electrochemical impedance spectra of the photo-anodes, we draw the following conclusions. When the ratio of EG to TBT is 1:1 by volume, the thin film reaches the largest surface area, the dye adsorption amount is 1.47×10-7 mol·cm-2, and the cell has the best performance with the open-circuit voltage of 0.69 V, the short circuit current of 13.0 mA·cm-2, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 5.38%. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is nearly two times that without the pore-forming agent, and now the electron transfer resistance is the least.

     

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