一种新型液电式互联馈能悬架的特性分析

Characteristic analysis of a novel energy-harvesting hydraulically-interconnected suspension

  • 摘要: 提出了一种可回收车辆振动能量的新型液电式互联馈能悬架系统(Energy-harvesting hydraulically interconnected suspension, EH-HIS),并对其垂向、侧倾、俯仰工作模式进行了原理分析。基于系统流量关系和压降原理建立了液电式互联馈能悬架的数学模型,并通过台架试验对仿真模型进行了验证。通过谐波激励下的仿真测试,对系统的阻尼特性与馈能特性进行了分析,验证了液电式互联馈能悬架的阻尼特性具备非对称性和可调节性,可以满足大部分乘用车辆的许用范围。当负载电阻从5 \mathrm\Omega 增加到25 \mathrm\Omega 时,相应的等效阻尼系数从7558 N·s·m−1降低至3134 N·s·m−1。馈能特性分析显示当负载电阻等于电机内阻时,系统馈能功率将达到最高值,在频率2 Hz振幅30 mm的激励下,系统平均馈能功率可以达到875.9 W。

     

    Abstract: The vehicle suspension system is not only used to consume the vibration energy transmitted from the ground to the vehicle body but also provides good handling stability for the vehicle. This can be a challenging tradeoff, especially for vehicles with a high center of gravity and heavy loads, such as trucks and SUVs. These vehicles are prone to large load deviations during emergency steering, causing the vehicle to roll over. The emergence of a hydraulically-interconnected suspension (HIS) could effectively maintain the vehicle body’s stability. As a unique hydropneumatic suspension, the HIS system has prominent nonlinear damping characteristics and can decouple the bounce motion and roll motion of the vehicle. This increases the vehicle’s roll stiffness without affecting the vertical rigidity of the vehicle, thereby substantially reducing the possibility of rollover accidents. This paper introduces a novel energy-harvesting hydraulically-interconnected suspension (EH-HIS), which has the dynamic characteristics of the HIS and can even harvest the vibration energy that is traditionally dissipated into heat using the oil shock absorbers. Working principles of bounce motion, roll motion, and pitch motion of the EH-HIS system have been analyzed. A mathematical model of the system was established based on the pressure drop principle and validated by a bench test. Damping characteristics and the energy harvesting capability are studied via simulations. Results show that the EH-HIS has considerable asymmetric and tunable damping characteristics that can meet the allowable range of most passenger vehicles. When the external resistance increases from 5 to 25 \mathrm\Omega , the corresponding equivalent damping coefficient decreases from 7558 to 3134 N·s·m−1. The energy harvesting capability analysis shows that maximum energy harvesting power is achieved when the external resistance is equal to the internal resistance. Furthermore, the average harvesting power can reach 875.9 W under the excitation of 2 Hz (frequency) 30 mm (amplitude).

     

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