SERF原子耦合磁强计抽运光功率误差分析 “ICGNC2024推荐优秀论文”

Analysis on the power error for the optical pumping system in the atomic spin comagnetometer

  • 摘要: 基于无自旋交换弛豫(Spin Exchange Relaxation-Free, SERF)的原子自旋耦合磁强计同时具有敏感角速率和抑制环境磁场扰动的能力,是一种很有前途的长期导航应用工具。抽运光功率误差从标度因数和零偏稳定性两个方面限制了SERF耦合磁强计的长期稳定性,目前针对SERF惯性测量的抽运光误差分析均为分析标度因数误差,缺乏对零偏稳定性的分析。为了分析抽运光功率对系统的零偏稳定性影响,本文基于泰勒展开,将K-Rb-21Ne耦合磁强计动力学系统由非线性系统简化为线性时不变系统,并基于状态空间方法推导了抽运光功率频率响应模型,最后在SERF耦合磁强计上对该模型进行了实验验证。理论和实验结果表明,耦合磁强计的磁光非正交将在光功率传递函数中引入微分环节,导致在耦合磁强计工作带宽里,耦合磁强计的输出信号与抽运光功率近似成比例环节。本文为分析SERF耦合磁强计中抽运光功率波动引起的惯性测量误差提供了精确的模型,为后续进行抽运光功率抑制提供了理论支持。

     

    Abstract: The atomic spin comagnetometer based on the Spin Exchange Relaxation-Free (SERF) regime boasts ultra-high sensitivity for rotation rate measurement and excellent suppression of magnetic field disturbances, making it a promising tool for long-term navigation applications. Additionally, SERF comagnetometers have applications in geophysics and geological exploration, providing reliable tools for precision measurements. They have been widely used in Lorentz and CPT tests. However, the power error from the optical pumping system limits the performance of SERF comagnetometers in two key areas: the scale factor and zero-bias stability. Current analyses of power errors in SERF comagnetometers primarily focus on the scale factor, with a notable lack of analysis regarding zero-bias stability. To address the impact of power errors on the system's zero-bias stability, the nonlinear dynamics of the K-Rb-21Ne comagnetometer have been simplified into a linear time-invariant system using Taylor expansion. This paper derives the frequency response model of the optical pumping system's power for the K-Rb-21Ne comagnetometer based on the state space method. To validate the frequency response model, a sinusoidal wave with a peak power of 2 milliwatts was superimposed on a base pumping power of 35 milliwatts. The amplitude-frequency response and phase-frequency response of the SERF comagnetometer output were then recorded to fit the theoretical frequency response model. The theoretical model fits the test results well, demonstrating its credibility. From the amplitude-frequency response results, it can be concluded that when the frequency of the optical pumping power error is very low, the output of the SERF comagnetometer is directly proportional to changes in the pumping light power. Therefore, slow drifts in the pumping power will directly impact the long-term stability of the SERF comagnetometer. When the frequency of the power error is lower than the electron Larmor frequency, the response amplitude decreases due to the slower response of the noble gas, which can suppress a certain amount of the power error effects. However, this suppression effect is quite limited. In summary, both theoretical and experimental results indicate that the magneto-optical non-orthogonality of the comagnetometer introduces a differential component into the power transfer function. This results in the comagnetometer's output signal being approximately proportional to the pumping power within its operational bandwidth. The study provides an accurate model for analyzing inertial measurement errors caused by fluctuations in the pumping power within the SERF comagnetometer. Additionally, it offers theoretical support for subsequent efforts aimed at suppressing power errors from the optical pumping system.

     

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