Hydrogen production strategy of solid-state hydrogen cell based on vapor-induced hydrolysis of NaBH? powder

Hydrogen gas has low volumetric energy density, and traditional high-pressure gaseous and cryogenic liquid storage and transportation methods still face high energy consumption, strict safety requirements, and relatively high system costs. Therefore, using chemical hydrides to achieve stable storage at room temperature and on-demand hydrogen production is of great significance. To evaluate the technical basis, performance potential, and engineering constraints of gas-solid injection-enhanced NaBH4 steam hydrolysis for solid-state hydrogen tanks. This paper uses literature summarization and parameter comparison, focusing on liquid-phase/vapor hydrolysis, deliquescence–dissolution–hydrolysis mechanisms, product hydration states, PEMFC hydrogen cycle ejectors, and reactive powder transport, refining the coupling process and key control variables. Results show that when relative humidity exceeds the deliquescence threshold, a liquid film can form on the surface of NaBH4 and hydrolysis occurs; Temperature, steam partial pressure, and product hydration number together determine conversion rate and hydrogen storage density. Compared to the liquid-phase route, the vapor route can reduce the molar ratio of water to NaBH4 from the usual greater than 10 to about 2~6, achieving high conversion without catalytic pressure under suitable temperature and pressure conditions. By using part of the hydrogen production as the ejection working fluid, negative pressure powder absorption, gas-solid mixing, and conveying can be completed simultaneously, but it still faces agglomeration and deposition, steam backflow, backpressure mismatch, and dynamic fluctuations. Therefore, this paper believes that this coupling route has the potential to reduce mechanical seal components, improve system integration, and enable on-demand hydrogen supply. Engineering should prioritize breakthroughs in gas-solid reaction kinetics, CFD–DEM models, distributed steam supply, and closed-loop control.